EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE OF SMART-TECHNOLOGY IMPLEMENTATION IN LOGISTIC PROCESS MANAGEMENT

L. Boldyreiva, Doctor of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of management and logistics, National University "Yuri Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic" ORCID ID 0000-0002-9147-5524 V. Gryshko, PhD in Economics, Associate Professor of the Department of management and logistics, National University "Yuri Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic" ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6987-3879

Key words: control, delivery lancing, logistics, logical processes, smart technologies, management, management solutions.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY
Research of the European experience of introduction of smart technologies in management of logistic processes of organizations.

OUTLINE OF THE MAIN RESEARCH
MATERIAL Humanity has entered a new stage of civilization, the concept of which is: "values create knowledge, and the economy is a system that operates on the basis of knowledge sharing and mutual evaluation" [1, p. 43].
Due to innovations and trends, the logistics industry is changing dramatically.The modern economy is being transformed by such basic key technologies [2, p. 320; 3; with. 10]: -global databases on obstacles and risks; -3D printing for niche markets; -sensor technologies; -Augmented Reality (Smart Augmented Reality Smart Glasses scan barcodes and listings that list locations and delivery points); -works (warehouse operators); -drones (Parcelcopter was successfully tested in Germany in May 2016); -cloud solutions (service through an IT resource in the form of a corresponding model of service in the remote access mode. IT resources work in the technology of a single chain integrated into a single configuration of a virtual computer).
Research shows that economic development due to the use of start-up technologies in the management of logistics processes is associated with the process of transportation and location of warehouses, the use of e-commerce, as well www.economy.in.ua as systems for managing the supply chain of consumer value.
Every year in the field of logistics, in particular transport, international forums, conferences and exhibitions take place, presenting the trends of innovative technological developments of the future: -the European Logistics Information Technology Forum (CIO Forum EU) brought together more than 250 IT professionals and industry experts representing European logistics providers (Amsterdam, The Netherlands); -SITL Europe Forum for Transport, Logistics and Supply Chains (freight products and services; various types of freight: urban logistics, rail, air, sea, safe cargo, importexport, robotics), France); -TOC Europe Forum for Port, Shipping and Terminal Technologies, SME Village and a platform for representatives of ports and associations (Rotterdam, The Netherlands); -The European 3PL & Supply Chain Summit (European 3PL Logistics & Supply Chain Summit) is organized on topics such as dynamism, transparency, rapid response and development (Brussels, Belgium); -LogiMAT exhibits production-sales-transportation intrologistics, in particular innovative technologies, products, systems and solutions for optimizing operations, processes and reducing the company's internal logistics costs (Stuttgart, Germany); -Leaders in Logistics: Post and Parcel Summit (Post Operators Summit) works in the following areas: digital transformation, innovative solutions, last mile delivery and parcel delivery and delivery strategy (Copenhagen, Denmark); -exhibition PARCEL + POST EXPO of innovations and technologies that can help during freight transportation (Vienna, Austria); -Intermodal Europe 2020 Exhibition and Conference is related to container and intermodal logistics, including all types of container transportation and logistics by road, rail and sea (companies representing: Seaco, Maersk Container Industry, Caru Containers, etc.) -Logistics meets Innovation conference for logistics and networking companies: Amazon, DHL, ECS, Kuehne + Nagel, LKW Walter, Lufthansa Cargo, NileDutch, Panalpina, Pfizer, Novartis and others. (optimization of The use of rfid tags and built-in temperature sensors capacity utilization; large data sets for planning and optimization forecasting; cooperation in logistics; the role and impact of artificial intelligence and practical techniques for its use in modern logistics) (Brussels, Belgium); -BVL 37th International Supply Chain Conference on Supply Chain Conference in Supply Chain Management, a platform for interaction between logistics, transport and services entrepreneurs, manufacturing, scientists, policy makers and journalists (Berlin, Germany) ); -HyperLOG exhibition in the field of transport, freight forwarding and logistics (Warsaw, Poland).
Therefore, the activities of leading European companies are accompanied by the continuous introduction of the latest smart technologies in the logistics management system.In Ukraine known are: Smart Logistics Grid, Smart Transportation, Smart Government, Blockchain, IoT & smart contracts, Smart City.
The innovative concept of efficient planning and use of logistical resources in the distribution networks of goods movement, taking into account various factors -Smart Logistics Grid, became widespread.This concept is an innovative product of PSI Logistics, a company that develops advanced software of the highest quality.The term "Smart Grid" itself is borrowed from the energy sector and is interpreted as a "smart grid" [4]. In our opinion, the functions of Smart Logistics Grid are: planning, optimization, provisioning, coordination and control.
Smart Transportation (smart transportation as a component of a smart city) improves safety, increases productivity and provides environmental friendliness through the use of information and communication technologies on road transport and other vehicles, in infrastructure [6, p. 6]. In our opinion, Smart Transportation's functions are: creation, provisioning and control.
Smart Government is the use of technology to facilitate and support better planning and management decisions. In our view, the functions of Smart Government are: provision and optimization. Smart City is a state-of-the-art technology in the smart city system. In our opinion, Smart City is: providing, optimizing and making management decisions.
Therefore, smart technologies in the logistics management system have such basic principles of logistics as systemability, accuracy, reliability, efficiency, security, optimization, mobility, competence, productivity, economy and efficiency.
We have generalized the scientific works of both European and domestic researchers [4; 6-10], which highlights the benefits of smart technologies in the management of logistics processes (table. 1).
The blockchain platform is open source, which allows organizations worldwide to implement blockchain technology in their own business processes [8, p. 49; 9].Very common importance has become: -a way to equip containers with a start-sensor device (use of high-frequency RFID tags and built-in temperature sensors) allows clients of the organization to monitor temperature modes, and in case of their violation receive warning signals; -connection of vehicles to the Internet allows to manage traffic and to carry out monitoring of transport; -creation of online platforms for carriers automates the management of electronic records, transport and warehouses, receipt of orders, aggregation of operations of the delivery service and instant calculation of delivery rates; -introduction of 3D printing in the production of various items: spare parts, architectural models, functional prototypes, mounts for cameras, used props, lighting and cables; -Blockchain and Smart Contracts technologies allow for sale and delivery contracts without human involvement at all (payment is made using the blockchain system) [8, p. 49; 9]; -introduction of artificial intelligence and Machine Learning as a variant of it allows: first, to increase efficiency of logistic business and to take customer service to a new level; secondly, to improve the systematic management of organizations by establishing and synchronizing internal and external business processes [8, p. 50; 10].
Thus, automated and digitized logistic processes minimize the use of human labor and paperwork, and through the introduction, in particular of artificial intelligence platforms, can: firstly, provide comprehensive analysis and control of the supply chain; secondly, to improve the following functional areas of logistics: information logistics, supply logistics, transport logistics, distribution logistics, marketing logistics, warehouse logistics, inventory management and more.
Electronic technologies are considered as very promising and effective: EDI, RFID, e-mobility; e-business; e-logistics, etc.
For example, agriculture uses such digital technologies as: DroneUA, SmartFarming, MegaDrone, AgroDrone. Among the providers of agrarian software are the following: Cropio, TVIS, Klever Systems. For agricultural control -AgriEye, PreAgri, Agroonline, Fieldlook. As digital technologies help increase efficiency and productivity, they create opportunities for successful decisions and minimize risks, so Ukrainian farmers are interested in using integrated software solutions to run their own businesses.
Therefore, the introduction of the latest smart technologies in the logistics management system can achieve an economic effect.The implementation of which involves assessing the cumulative economic effect of applying a logistic approach. The result of the economic effect depends on the efficiency of logistics solutions in production, individual logistics operations associated with the transformation of material flow, evaluation of the functioning of the logistics system and the increase in overall efficiency.The main components of the cumulative economic effect of applying a logistic approach are: effective coordination; integration of logistics resources; quality and efficiency control in various areas; establishing partnerships with suppliers; reducing order processing time, downtime, production cycle and logistics costs; improving product quality; optimization of integrated management structures; improving the reliability of workflow and quality of the logistics product; updating real-time data across all links in the logistics chain; reduction of logistical risks.

CONCLUSIONS
Thus, the experience of leading European companies involves the continuous introduction of the latest smart technologies in the logistics management system.The basic principles of smart technology logistics in the logistics management system are: system, accuracy, reliability, efficiency, security, optimization, competence, mobility, productivity, efficiency and efficiency.Smart technology features are: Smart Logistics Grid (planning, optimization, provisioning, coordination and control), Smart Transportation (creation, provisioning and control), Smart Government (provisioning and optimization), Smart City (provisioning, optimization and management decision making), Smart London (management optimization and decision-making), Smart ecosystem (integrated approach), Innovate18 (security), Heathrow pod (security), Blockchain platform (security, optimization), Smart Сontracts (optimization, control), Smart Sensor ( control) in the logistics management system eyes.Automated and digitized logistic processes minimize the use of human labor and paperwork, and through the introduction, in particular of artificial intelligence platforms, can: first, provide comprehensive analysis and control of the supply chain; secondly, to improve the following functional areas of logistics: information logistics, supply logistics, transport logistics, distribution logistics, marketing logistics, www.economy.in.ua warehouse logistics and inventory management, and more.The main components of the cumulative economic effect of applying a logistic approach include: effective coordination; integration of logistics resources; quality and efficiency control in various areas; establishing partnerships with suppliers; reducing order processing time, downtime, production cycle and logistics costs; improving product quality; optimization of integrated management structures; improving the reliability of workflow and quality of the logistics product; updating real-time data across all links in the logistics chain; reduction of logistical risks.
A promising direction for further research will be the systematization of scientific sources on smart technologies in the transport logistics management system.