EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT OF HUMAN CAPITAL
O. Lisnichenko

DOI: 10.32702/2306-6806.2018.12.25

УДК: 331.1

O. Lisnichenko

EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT OF HUMAN CAPITAL

Summary

The sources of interpretation of the scientific category "human capital" are investigated. Its definition was laid by the philosophers of antiquity. It was established that the attempt of the first scientific interpretation of the concept, as a separate component, was made by the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle. He defined it as a driving force, which was aimed on obtaining a material benefit. This benefit had to be fairly divided among all members of society in accordance with the results of their work. During the Middle Ages thinkers made an attempt to reveal this issue in the "work-benefit" plane.
It was established that the thoughts of thinkers of the New time became the basis of modern interpretation of this concept They revealed this definition in the context of the development of capitalist relations, which were based on the explanation of human capital as a result of the synthesis of natural resources and labor. It is stated that the modern scientific substantiation of this category was made in the middle of the twentieth century. It explained the essence of this category at the scientific theoretical level, which has a close connection with the natural desires of man and the skills that he receives during the period of receiving education and profession, and also has a close connection with the formation and support of a strong worker's health.
It is noted that according to modern researchers the employer can receive a skilled worker only in the presence of the above factors. The worker will produce quality products that will bring a profit to the employer and high wages to him. It is also noted that fundamental research in this area is urgent today for the complete and thorough definition of this scientific definition at the scientific and theoretical level and finding the optimal ways of developing capitalist relations in the enterprise for optimizing technological processes in production and increasing their profitability.

Keywords: wealth; resource; capital; society; capitalism; labour payment; factor; concept.

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О. О. Лісніченко

ЕВОЛЮЦІЯ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ "ЛЮДСЬКОГО КАПІТАЛУ"

Анотація

Досліджуються витоки трактування наукової категорії "людський капітал", визначення котрої було ще закладено філософами античності. Встановлено, що спроба першого наукового трактування поняття, як окремої складової було зроблемно давньогрецьким філософом Аристотелем, котрий визначав його як рушійну силу, котра має на меті отримання матеріального блага, яке повинно було справедливо поділене між всіма членами соціуму відповідно до результатів зробленої ними роботи. У період Середньовіччя мислителями була зроблена спроба розкрити дане питання у площині "робота-благо". Встановлено, що оновою сучасного трактування цього поняття стали роздуми мислителів Нового часу, котрі розкривали дану дефініцію у руслі розвитку капіталістичних відносин, котре грунтувалося на поясненні людського капіталу як результату синтезу природніх задатків та праці. Констатується, що сучасне наукове обгрунтування такої категорії було оформлене у сер. ХХ ст., яке пояснило на науково-теоретичному рівні, його сутність, котра має тісний зв`язок з прродними (уродженими) задатками людини та навичками, котрі вона отримує у період опанування освіти та професійного фаху, а також має тісний зв`язок з формуванням та підтримкою міцного здоров`я робітника. Зауважується, що, на думку сучасних дослідників, лише за наявності вищеокреслених чинників, можливе отримання роботодавцем кваліфікованого робітника, котрий буде виробляти якісну продукцію, що буде приносити, роботодавцю — прибуток, а робітнику — високу оплату праці. Зауважується, що на сьогодні актуальним залишається проведення фундаментального дослідження у цій царині за для повноцінного та грунтовного означення такої наукової дефініції на науково-теоретичному рівні та знаходження оптимальних шляхів розвитку капіталістичних відносин на підприємстві за для оптимізації технологічних процесів на виробництві та збільшення їх прибутковості.

Ключові слова: благо; ресурс; капітал; суспільство; капіталізм; оплата праці; чинник; концепція.

Література

1. Agapova, I. (1998), History of Economic Thought: A Course in Lectures, EKMOS, Moscow, Russia.
2. Antoniuk, V. (2006), "Main directions of strengthening of socio-economic foundations of human capital formation in Ukraine", Ukraine: aspects of labour, vol. 2, pp. 39—47.
3. Aristotle (1976), Works: in 4 vol, Thought, Moscow, Russia.
4. Bazilevich, V. (2008), History of Economic Studies in 2 vol., vol. 1, 2nd edition., Knowledge, Kiev, Ukraine.
5. Becker,G.S. (1993), Human Capital: a theoretical and empirical analysis, with a special reference to education.The University of Chicago Press , Chicago, USA.
6. Berezin, I. (1993), Essays on the History of Economic Thought, RISK, Moscow, Russia.
7. Bogdanovski, V. (2005), "Labour and Employment in Agriculture", Issues of Economics, Vol. 6, рр. 72—83.
8. Borodin, O.(2006), "Human capital as the main source of economic growth", Economy of Ukraine, Vol. 7. pp. 48—53.
9. Bowen, H.R.(1968), Investment in Human Capital and Economic Growth: Perspectives on Economic Growth, N.Y.
10. Deriabina M. (2001), "Institutional Aspects of Post-Socialist Transitional Period" , Issues of Economics, Vol. 2, pp. 108—114.
11. Diatlov, S. (1994), Fundamentals of the theory of human capital , Saint Petersburg, Russia.
12. Dobrynin, A. (1999), Man's productive forces: structure and forms of manifestation, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
13. Golovai, N. (2007), "Investments in human capital and wages: accounting aspect", Formation of a market economy: col. of scientific works. Special issue "Human Resources Management: Problems of Theory and Practice", vol.1, no. 1, pp. 52—65.
14. Grigorian S. (1961), Selected works of thinkers of the Middle and Middle East IX-XIV centuries, Sotsekgiz, Moscow, Russia.
15. Grishnova, O. (2001), Human Capital: Formation in the System of Education and Training , Knowledge, KOO, Kiev, Ukraine.
16. Kendrick, J.(1991), Total US Capital and its Formation, Progres, Moscow, Russia.
17. Kirian, T. (2008), "Human Capital in the History of Economic Thought", Economy of Ukraine, Vol. 9, pp. 64—73.
18. Koritski, A. (2005), An overview of the discussion among economists of the 19th and 20th centuries on theoretical approaches to the analysis of human capital, Akademiya, Kiev, Ukraine.
19. Lebedeva, Yu. (2010), "Investing in human capital and economic growth", Problems of the modern economy, Vol. 2 (34).
20. Leonova, S.V. (2013), "Identification and evaluation of the transformation of workers' potential in the human capital of an industrial enterprise", Abstract of Ph.D. dissertation, Economics and management of enterprises, Uzhgorod. nat un-ty, Uzhgorod, Ukraine.
21. Lich, V. (2009), Human capital of Ukraine: state, problems, prospects for reproduction, KNUBA, Kyiv, Ukraine.
22. Machlup, F. (1984), The Economics of Information and Human Capital, Princeton, USA.
23. Mahlup, F. (1963), Production and distribution of knowledge in the USA, Moscow, URSR.
24. Markova, N. (2005), "Research of tendencies of formation of intellectual components of human capital", Ukraine: aspects of labor, Vol. 3, pp.34—45.
25. Marshall, A. (1993), Principles of Economic Science: in 3 vols, Progress, Moscow , Russia.
26. Marx, K (1952), Capital, Pechatny Dvor, Leningrad, Soviet Union.
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30. Menger, C. (1980), "Zur Theorie des Kapitals", available at: http://www.webcitation.org (Accessed 25 Nov 2018).
31. Mikhailova, L. (2008), Human Capital: Formation and Development in Rural Regions, Center for Educational Literature, Kyiv, Ukraine.
32. Mill, J.S. (1980), Fundamentals of political economy and some aspects of their application to social philosophy: in 3 vol, Progress, Moscow, URSR.
33. Mochernyi, S. (2002), Economic Encyclopedia: in 3 v., vol. 3, Akademiya, Kiev, Ukraine.
34. Plotnikov, I. (2007), Merkantlizm, Direct-Media, Moscow, Russia.
35. Ricardo, D. (2000), "The Beginning of Political Economy", Classics of Economic Thought, EKSMO-Press, Moscow, Russia.
36. Sei, J.-B. (1999), "Treatise on Political Economy", 25 key books on economics, Ural LTD, Chelyabinsk, Russia.
37. Shchetinin, V.P. (2001), "Human capital and ambiguity of its interpretation", World Economy and International Relations, Vol. 12, pp. 42—49.
38. Shevchuk, L.T. (2007), "Loss of human capital in Ukraine: conceptual categorical apparatus and conceptual provisions", Socio-economic research in the transition period, IRD NAS of Ukraine, vol. 3 (65), pp. 9—27.
39. Shultz, T. (1971), Investment in Human Capital, London, UK.
40. Smith , A. (2001), "The study of the nature and causes of wealth of peoples" Institutional repository National Mining University of Ukraine, available at: http://ir.nmu.org.ua (Accessed 25 Nov 2018).
41. Smith, A. (2001), Goodwill of Nations. Studies on the nature and causes of the welfare of nations , Port-Royal, Kyiv, Ukraine.
42. Stuart, T. (1998), Wealth from The Mind: Business Bestseller, Paradox, Minsk, Belarusian.
43. Tnurov, L. (1970), Investment in Human Capital, London, UK.
44. Yaremko, I.J. (2004), "Human potential as a capital of an enterprise: accounting aspect", Economist, Vol. 2, pp. 70—74.

№ 12 2018, стор. 25 - 30

Дата публікації: 2018-12-28

Кількість переглядів: 1431